[PATCH 0/13] make return of 0 explicit

[Julia Lawall]

Sometimes a local variable is used as a return value in a case where the
return value is always 0.  The result is more apparent if this variable is
just replaced by 0.  This is done by the following semantic patch, although
some cleanups may be needed. (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)

// <smpl>
@r exists@
local idexpression ret;
identifier reti;
expression e;
position p;
@@

ret at reti = 0;
... when != \(ret = e\|ret &= e\|ret |= e\|ret += e\|ret -= e\|ret *= e\|ret ^= e\)
    when != \(++ret\|--ret\|ret++\|ret--\)
    when != &ret
return ret;@p

@bad1 exists@
expression e != 0;
local idexpression r.ret;
position r.p;
@@

 \(ret = e\|ret &= e\|ret |= e\|ret += e\|ret -= e\|ret *= e\|ret ^= e\|++ret\|--ret\|ret++\|ret--\|&ret\)
 ...
 return ret;@p

@bad2 exists@
identifier r.reti;
position r.p;
identifier f;
type T;
@@

f(...,T reti,...) {
 ...
 return reti;@p
}

@change depends on !bad1 && !bad2@
position r.p;
local idexpression r.ret;
identifier f;
@@

f(...) { <+...
return 
-ret
+0
;@p
...+> }

@rewrite@
local idexpression r.ret;
expression e;
position p;
identifier change.f;
@@

f(...) { <+...
 \(ret at p = e\|&ret at p\)
...+> }

@depends on change@
local idexpression r.ret;
position p != rewrite.p;
identifier change.f;
@@

f(...) { <+...
(
break;
|
ret = 0;
... when exists
ret at p
... when any
|
- ret = 0;
)
...+> }

@depends on change@
identifier r.reti;
type T;
constant C;
identifier change.f;
@@

f(...) { ... when any
-T reti = C;
 ... when != reti
     when strict
 }

@depends on change@
identifier r.reti;
type T;
identifier change.f;
@@

f(...) { ... when any
-T reti;
 ... when != reti
     when strict
 }
// </smpl>

The first four rules detect cases where only 0 reaches a return.  The
remaining rules clean up any variable initializations or declarations that
are made unnecessary by this change.